{"id":13493,"date":"2018-03-14T14:58:17","date_gmt":"2018-03-14T21:58:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fnmarketing.wpengine.com\/?p=13493"},"modified":"2018-09-21T11:35:30","modified_gmt":"2018-09-21T18:35:30","slug":"nyc-tech-mentorship-founder-princetonreview","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/nyc-tech-mentorship-founder-princetonreview\/","title":{"rendered":"Mentorship with Princeton Review Founder, John Katzman"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>If your company is perfect, John Katzman wants to hear all about it. &#8220;<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Everybody has warts, everybody farts, every one of your competitors has a CEO that\u2019s tearing his or her hair out too&#8221;, said the 3-time serial entrepreneur when asked what risks he sees for his companies moving forward.\u00a0 H<\/span>aving scaled the Princeton Review,\u00a0 2U, and the Noodle Companies to a combined value of $3.5 billion, the edtech disruptor isn&#8217;t afraid to admit he&#8217;s made mistakes along the way, and takes a certain sense of pride in learning from them. In his honest, humble, and informative interview with us, the NYC-based founder discussed:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Why there is nothing that shapes a product better than going out and discussing it with your clients.<\/li>\n<li>The two mistakes founders make when fundraising.<\/li>\n<li>How being an entrepreneur is a balancing act between utter optimism and brutal honesty.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>Q: Let\u2019s start at the beginning with your MVP. Can you share any anecdotes about how that process went for you?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>John:<\/strong> For Princeton Review, it was a course of 15 students I taught in New York. For 2U, it was v1 of our social LMS and a good marketing campaign. At least two of the four Noodle Companies probably spent too much time and money getting to market, a victim of my earlier successes. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the Princeton Review and 2U we spent very little time building the perfect product or service pre-launch. As I got more confident in my understanding of the market, I was willing to spend more money building what I wanted to build, versus a leaner approach. Turns out I was wrong.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Q: You\u2019ve never had a true co-founder. Do you have any advice for solo-founders about navigating the startup journey without a co-founder?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>John:<\/strong> I like having clear authority to make decisions. But I have always managed to hook up with incredible people, and I\u2019ve always given them generous option packages.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is NOT a good idea to be the one senior person in a company of newbies. As a solo-founder, surround yourself with smart people. There\u2019s nothing wrong with overpaying someone with more experience than the average person has in that position. There\u2019s nothing wrong with having a team that\u2019s <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">too<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> experienced. People often make the opposite mistake\u2014 they take in a bunch of kids who are straight from school\u2013smart, but clueless\u2013and assume someone will know what they\u2019re doing. <\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is NOT a good idea to be the one senior person in a company of newbies.\u00a0<span class=\"username u-dir\" dir=\"ltr\"><a class=\"ProfileHeaderCard-screennameLink u-linkComplex js-nav\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/johnkatzman\">@<b class=\"u-linkComplex-target\">johnkatzman<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Noodle_Partners\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s><b>Noodle_Partners<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/2Uinc\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s><b>2Uinc<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ThePrincetonRev\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s><b>ThePrincetonRev<\/b><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><b>Q: You\u2019ve generally been the sales lead at your companies. Do you have any advice for founders about building our their sales team and strategy? <\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>John:<\/strong> There is nothing that helps you shape a product better than going out and discussing it with your clients.\u00a0<\/span><b>If you have a prototype and you speak to enough potential clients, you\u2019re going to get incredible feedback.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> If you\u2019re just asking them freeform what they\u2019d like to see, you\u2019re going to get crap feedback. And you have to be careful, because generally the people who will take your meeting are your friends, and your friends like you. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>In addition, the CEO needs to be out there selling aggressively because:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you&#8217;re not out there, you\u2019ll better understand the clients and what they need from your product. Hearing that stuff secondhand from your sales guys just doesn\u2019t work. The way to bathe yourself in the emotion and intellectual needs of your product is to get the hell out of your office. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sales guys really appreciate a CEO who is out there with them. And when they need access to a more senior person on the other side, they\u2019re able to bring their CEO in. \u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">If you have a prototype and you speak to enough potential clients, you\u2019re going to get incredible feedback\u00a0\u00a0<span class=\"username u-dir\" dir=\"ltr\"><a class=\"ProfileHeaderCard-screennameLink u-linkComplex js-nav\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/johnkatzman\">@johnkatzman<\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Noodle_Partners\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s>Noodle_Partners<\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/2Uinc\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s>2Uinc<\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ThePrincetonRev\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s>ThePrincetonRev<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><b>Q: You have scaled 3 companies to a total of $3.5B value. Can you walk us through your financing process?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>John:<\/strong> I bootstrapped Princeton Review. This was 30+ years ago when there wasn\u2019t a VC community of note, especially in education; at some point, I raised PE and then took it public. For 2U (which I started in the middle of the 2008 crash), I hired a banker to help with Series A, and ended up raising $100mm before the company went public. For the Noodle Companies, I brought in a good CFO. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Q: What mistakes do you see Founders make when raising funds?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>John:<\/strong> I\u2019ve certainly seen a whole lot of pitches, and invested in several dozen edtech startups, so I\u2019ve been on both sides of the deck. Generally, I see two problems:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">First is that a lot of CEOs are locked into a solution, as opposed to finding a problem and solving it. Right now, all over EdTech, there are people trying to plug in blockchain, and I\u2019m sure somebody will come up with a really good solution to an important problem by using blockchain, but what I\u2019ve seen is a lot of dumbass solutions to non problems from people who don\u2019t understand either blockchain or education. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Another mistake founders make while pitching is overestimating TAM: there\u2019s always a slide about TAM, and that slide is almost always bullshit. A thoughtful, honest, conservative estimate of TAM is something that grabs my attention. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are some best practices in fundraising, and they\u2019re generally around the process:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Picking investors:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> You carefully pick a target list, let\u2019s say 30 VCs who are early in their fund, when they\u2019re employing capital against startups. Each likes your industry, and is not invested in competitive companies.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Get on the road:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Once you\u2019ve found those 30 targets, you track them down with an exec summary, and set aside a month to visit them. If you use your time efficiently, you can do this and still run your company, but that month includes a lot of first presentations. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Iterate on your pitch:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The tough part of the pitch is the Q&amp;A. Everytime you hit a question you can\u2019t answer well in two sentences, you add it to your list and work on a quick, tight answer for when it comes up again. And good questions may take some real thinking, so take your time and really think about the VC\u2019s concern: maybe it\u2019s a communication problem, or maybe you have an actual vulnerability. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Compare offers:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> As your pursue the process with the interested VCs, steer them towards a simple NVCA term sheet and a certain date; you want the offers to be similar in structure and to come in together so you can compare them. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your well constructed process signals you\u2019re disciplined, strategic, and collaborative; all good. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One more note: inexperienced founders look for the highest valuation, and often they end up with deals that have weird preferences in them. More experienced entrepreneurs want a contract that\u2019s simple and that won\u2019t make the next round impossible; they don\u2019t care about someone making them feel good with a big number. Further, the VC with the highest valuation may be the dumb VC, and now you\u2019ve got an idiot on your Board. Simply going with the best valuation is a rookie error.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Simply going with the best valuation is a rookie error.\u00a0\u00a0<span class=\"username u-dir\" dir=\"ltr\"><br \/>\n<a class=\"ProfileHeaderCard-screennameLink u-linkComplex js-nav\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/johnkatzman\">@<b class=\"u-linkComplex-target\">johnkatzman<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Noodle_Partners\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s><b>Noodle_Partners<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/2Uinc\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s><b>2Uinc<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ThePrincetonRev\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s><b>ThePrincetonRev<\/b><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><b>Q: What is one thing you wish you knew at the beginning of your journey as a founder that you know now?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>John:<\/strong> I knew that the key was hiring great people and letting them do their jobs. And I&#8217;ve always known that tech enabled me to lever those people. But I&#8217;ve learned to marry a metrics -driven approach with a culture that&#8217;s welcoming and informal.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There\u2019s a discipline to thinking through which things you measure, and forcing yourself to look at those measurements. The metrics that make sense right now might not make sense in six months; good metrics can turn into vanity metrics as you and your team focus on them. So getting in the room and having a conversation about the metrics is so important. Further, the critical goals change as you progress. We were focused on the number of schools we were working with, and now it\u2019s more about the platform and the projected enrollment. It\u2019s like slalom\u2013you focus everyone on one problem that needs solving, and as you get close to solving it, you start to move onto the next problem. That doesn\u2019t mean a previous metric won\u2019t come back and bite you in the ass, of course. Every so often, you have to look over your shoulder to make sure a problem doesn\u2019t get unsolved. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That said, it\u2019s important that the company is a place people want to be. Your people understand and buy into the mission\u2014 because that\u2019s what\u2019s going to keep them going at 2 in the morning. \u00a0And even if you\u2019re out selling, you need to come back and lead the conversations that need to happen over caffeine, and the ones that are better had over alcohol. Creating a culture where people can have both conversations is every bit as important as the strategy or metrics. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Because who wants to work somewhere that they don\u2019t like anybody, and where you don\u2019t care about the problem you\u2019re solving? One of the reasons to start a company is to be create a culture that\u2019s enthusiastic, open-minded, fun, and interesting. Because startups are hard <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> they generally pay less. People are driven by mission. Everybody works harder when they give a shit about why they\u2019re doing it. <\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marry a metrics -driven approach with a culture <br \/>\nthat&#8217;s welcoming and informal.\u00a0<br \/>\n<span class=\"username u-dir\" dir=\"ltr\"><a class=\"ProfileHeaderCard-screennameLink u-linkComplex js-nav\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/johnkatzman\">@<b class=\"u-linkComplex-target\">johnkatzman<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Noodle_Partners\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s><b>Noodle_Partners<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/2Uinc\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s><b>2Uinc<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ThePrincetonRev\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s><b>ThePrincetonRev<\/b><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><b>What\u2019s next for you? What risks do you see moving forward?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>John:<\/strong> I believe each of the four Noodle companies could achieve significant scale and value, and remake a dysfunctional education market. At this point, it&#8217;s about relentless execution.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In terms of risk, it was a mistake to start four companies more or less at the same time. It took me awhile to find the people around me for each company that could execute, but I feel great about our folks, and we\u2019re down to a couple positions that we still need to fill. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The people are so important because an idea does not carry a company, execution carries a company. Good processes don\u2019t just happen. I look at my first years building Noodle as a cautionary tale for what happens when you get unfocused. It took too long to cut where we needed to cut and focus where we needed to focus.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A few folks have noted that being an entrepreneur is balancing brutal honesty with utter optimism. You have to believe you\u2019re going to win, but you have to be aware of the problems\u2014 it\u2019s easy to look away from unpleasant facts and stay optimistic, and it\u2019s easy to look at what\u2019s wrong and get depressed, but you can\u2019t do either. Everybody else has warts too, everybody farts, every one of your competitors has a CEO that\u2019s tearing his or her hair out too. If your business is perfect I\u2019d like to hear all about it.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Every one of your competitors has a CEO that\u2019s pulling their hair out too. If your business is perfect I\u2019d like to hear all about it.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<span class=\"username u-dir\" dir=\"ltr\"><a class=\"ProfileHeaderCard-screennameLink u-linkComplex js-nav\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/johnkatzman\">@<b class=\"u-linkComplex-target\">johnkatzman<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Noodle_Partners\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s><b>Noodle_Partners<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/2Uinc\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s><b>2Uinc<\/b><\/a>\u00a0<a class=\"tweet-url twitter-atreply pretty-link\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/ThePrincetonRev\" rel=\"nofollow\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"0\"><s>@<\/s><b>ThePrincetonRev<\/b><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If your company is perfect, John Katzman wants to hear all about it. &#8220;Everybody has warts, everybody farts, every one of your competitors has a CEO that\u2019s tearing his or &#8230; <\/p>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/nyc-tech-mentorship-founder-princetonreview\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":13497,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[144],"tags":[1834,18,1813],"table_tags":[],"class_list":["post-13493","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tech-startup-advice","tag-edtech","tag-mentorship","tag-new-york-city"],"acf":[],"featured_image_data":{"src":"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/john-katzman-princeton-review_38531.jpg","alt":"john-katzman-princeton-review_38531","caption":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13493","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13493"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13493\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13493"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13493"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13493"},{"taxonomy":"table_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/foundersnetwork.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/table_tags?post=13493"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}